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interventional pain management
Interventional pain management or interventional pain medicine is a subspecialty of the medical specialty, pain management, devoted to the use of invasive techniques such as facet joint injections, nerve blocks (interrupting the flow of pain signals along specific nervous system pathways), neuroaugmentation (including spinal cord stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation), vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, nucleoplasty, endoscopic discectomy, percutaneous spine fusion and implantable drug delivery systems.〔Winnie AP Preface. In: Interventional Pain Management SD Waldman and AP Winnie (eds) WB Saunders 1996.〕〔American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP.org) Website〕
==History==
Early efforts at interventional pain date back to the origins of regional analgesia and neural blockade, and gradually evolved into a distinct specialty. Tuffer described the first therapeutic nerve block for pain management in 1899. Von Gaza developed diagnostic blockade in pain management, using procaine for determining the pain's pathways. Modern day contributors include Bonica, Winnie, Raj, Racz, Bogduk, and others. The term "interventional pain management" was first used by pain management specialist Steven D. Waldman in 1996 to define the emerging specialty.〔〔Atlas of Interventional Pain Management 3rd ed. S.D. Waldman (ed) Elsevier Philadelphia 2010.〕 The subspecialty of interventional pain management has received a specific specialty designation by the United States National Uniform Billing Committeeto allow its practitioners to bill Federal healthcare programs including Medicare and Medicaid.〔National Uniform Claims Committee(nucc.org) Website〕 Physicians who practice interventional pain management are represented by a variety of pain management organizations including the Society For Pain Practice Management and the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians.〔〔Society For Pain Practice Management(sppm.org) Website〕
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